I took the bus from Naha Airport to Okinawa American village. The below is the procedure of what to expect when taking buses in Okinawa.
This is a link for those who intend to take the bus to Churami Aquarium. http://oki-park.jp/sp/kaiyohaku/en/acc/147
Firstly, transport cards for the rest of Japan, the Suica and Pasmo cards, cannot be used on the buses in Okinawa. There is a local transport card called the OKICA card. The OKICA card can be used for buses and the monorail. https://www.yui-rail.co.jp/navi/en/pages/guide
There are local bus day passes, which are really great value for money if you are traveling around the whole of Okinawa. Just take note that it does not include the buses that uses the highways, like 111, 117 nor sightseeing buses. https://www.okinawapass.com/en/
Secondly, I did not buy the transport card, OKICA.
To take the bus from the airport: When you exit the customs and baggage claim area, exit the building and turn left. The bus stop is nearby. Check the timing and the bus routes you plan to take.
How to take buses in Okinawa:
Board the bus from the front and take a ticket. The ticket indicates which area you boarded. I boarded at area 1. 
There is a helpful screen that shows the next few bus stops. 
When you going to alight, look at the screen in front. Check the amount you need to pay based on the number on your ticket. For eg, if I am to alight when I took this picture, I would need to pay 570yen for area 1. 
Drop your fare and the ticket into the fare slot by the side of the driver.
You would need to pay exact change. If you do not have exact change, there is a money changing machine in front as well. Do note that it only takes 1000yen bills. The machine is beside the driver. If you need help, the driver would assist you.
If your fare is more than 1000yen, for eg, your fare is 1470yen. First, drop your ticket into the slot. Then pass the 1000yen bill to the driver and drop the remaining fare of 470yen into the slot. 
Will travel 